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Paper accepted: Low Latency Live Streaming Implementation in DASH and HLS

Low Latency Live Streaming Implementation in DASH and HLS

ACM Multimedia Conference – OSS Track

Lisbon, Portugal | 10-14 October 2022

Abdelhak Bentaleb (National University of Singapore), Zhengdao Zhan (National University of Singapore), Farzad Tashtarian (Christian Doppler Laboratory ATHENA, Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt), May Lim (National University of Singapore), Saad Harous (University of Sharjah), Christian Timmerer (Christian Doppler Laboratory ATHENA, Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt), Hermann Hellwagner (Christian Doppler Laboratory ATHENA, Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt), and Roger Zimmermann (National University of Singapore)

Low latency live streaming over HTTP using Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (LL-DASH) and HTTP Live Streaming} (LL-HLS) has emerged as a new way to deliver live content with respectable video quality and short end-to-end latency. Satisfying these requirements while maintaining viewer experience in practice is challenging, and adopting conventional adaptive bitrate (ABR) schemes directly to do so will not work. Therefore, recent solutions including LoL$^+$, L2A, Stallion, and Llama re-think conventional ABR schemes to support low-latency scenarios. These solutions have been integrated with dash.js  that support LL-DASH. However, their performance in LL-HLS remains in question. To bridge this gap, we implement and integrate existing LL-DASH ABR schemes in the hls.js video player which supports LL-HLS.
Moreover, a series of real-world trace-driven experiments have been conducted to check their efficiency under various network conditions including a comparison with results achieved for LL-DASH in dash.js.

A Webbing Journey @ Button Festival 2022

On Friday and Saturday (June 24 and June 25, 2022), Sebastian Uitz presented his game “A Webbing Journey” together with his partner Michael Steinkellner at the Button Festival in the Stadthalle Graz. This time 3 PCs have been prepared so more people could play the game. The feedback from last week’s event was implemented, and the results were fantastic. Everybody loved the game, especially the kids. Some of them came back several times to play the game over and over.

 

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A Webbing Journey @ A1 Austria eSports Festival 2022

On Saturday (June 18, 2022), Sebastian Uitz presented his game “A Webbing Journey” with his partner Manuel Santner at the A1 Austria eSports Festival in the Austria Center Vienna. The game didn’t fit into the Esports-themed event, but the 2 PCs prepared to play the game were constantly used by players of all ages. Especially the target audience (children 8-12) had so much fun, and the parents had to wait until the kids were done playing. The event was a great success as it was the biggest play session yet and resulted in tons of feedback that will be implemented and bugs that will be fixed until the next event.

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Radu Prodan Co-Organizer at IEEE-CCGrid2022

From 16 to 19 May 2022, general Co-Chair, Radu Prodan, successfully presented the relevance of Cloud-Edge-IoT at CCGrid2022 conference in Taormina, Italy.

Find out more here.

Vignesh V Menon
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Paper accepted: Perceptually-aware Per-title Encoding for Adaptive Video Streaming

2022 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

July 18-22, 2022 | Taipei, Taiwan

Conference Website

Vignesh V Menon (Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt),  Hadi Amirpour (Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt), Mohammad Ghanbari (School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, UK), and Christian Timmerer (Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt)

Abstract:

In live streaming applications, typically a fixed set of bitrate-resolution pairs (known as bitrate ladder) is used for simplicity and efficiency in order to avoid the additional encoding run-time required to find optimum resolution-bitrate pairs for every video content. However, an optimized bitrate ladder may result in (i) decreased storage or delivery costs or/and (ii) increased Quality of Experience (QoE). This paper introduces a perceptually-aware per-title encoding (PPTE) scheme for video streaming applications. In this scheme, optimized bitrate-resolution pairs are predicted online based on Just Noticeable Difference (JND) in quality perception to avoid adding perceptually similar representations in the bitrate ladder. To this end, Discrete Cosine Transform(DCT)-energy-based low-complexity spatial and temporal features for each video segment are used. Experimental results show that, on average, PPTE yields bitrate savings of 16.47% and 27.02% to maintain the same PSNR and VMAF, respectively, compared to the reference HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) bitrate ladder without any noticeable additional latency in streaming accompanied by a 30.69% cumulative decrease in storage space for various representations.

 

Architecture of PPTE


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5G Kärntner Fog project: Kick-off meeting in Klagenfurt

The kick-off meeting of the “5G-KärntnerFog” Project took place on April, 21st, 2022 at Klagenfurt University. The purpose of this first meeting was primarily the definition of work structures, work packages, and getting to know each partner region. The project partners consist of the following institutions: ITEC (Lead), FH Kärnten, and Siplan. 

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Paper accepted: Towards Low Latency Live Streaming: Challenges in a Real-World Deployment

The 13th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (ACM MMSys 2022)

June 14–17, 2022 |  Athlone, Ireland

Conference Website

Reza Shokri Kalan (Digiturk Company, Istanbul), Reza Farahani (Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt), Emre Karsli (Digiturk Company, Istanbul), Christian Timmerer (Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt), and Hermann Hellwagner (Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt)

Over-the-Top (OTT) service providers need faster, cheaper, and Digital Rights Management (DRM)-capable video streaming solutions. Recently, HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) has become the dominant video delivery technology over the Internet. In HAS, videos are split into short intervals called segments, and each segment is encoded at various qualities/bitrates (i.e., representations) to adapt to the available bandwidth. Utilizing different HAS-based technologies with various segment formats imposes extra cost, complexity, and latency to the video delivery system. Enabling an integrated format for transmitting and storing segments at Content Delivery Network (CDN) servers can alleviate the aforementioned issues. To this end, MPEG Common Media Application Format (CMAF) is presented as a standard format for cost-effective and low latency streaming. However, CMAF has not been adopted by video streaming providers yet and it is incompatible with most legacy end-user players. This paper reveals some useful steps for achieving low latency live video streaming that can be implemented for non-DRM sensitive contents before jumping to CMAF technology. We first design and instantiate our testbed in a real OTT provider environment, including a heterogeneous network and clients, and then investigate the impact of changing format, segment duration, and Digital Video Recording (DVR) window length on a real live event. The results illustrate that replacing the transport stream (.ts) format with fragmented MP4 (.fMP4) and shortening segments’ duration reduces live latency significantly.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Keywords: HAS, DASH, HLS, CMAF, Live Streaming, Low Latency

 

Hadi
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Workshop “IXR’22: Interactive eXtended Reality 2022”

colocated with ACM Multimedia 2022

October, 2022, Lisbon, Portugal

Workshop Chairs:

  • Irene Viola, CWI, Netherlands
  • Hadi Amirpour, Klagenfurt University, Austria
  • Asim Hameed, NTNU, Norway
  • Maria Torres Vega, Ghent University, Belgium

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • Novel low latency encoding techniques for interactive XR applications
  • Novel networking systems and protocols to enable interactive immersive applications. This includes optimizations ranging from hardware (i.e., millimeter-wave networks or optical wireless), physical and MAC layer up to the network, transport and application layers (such as over the top protocols);
  • Significative advances and optimization in 3D modeling pipelines for AR/VR visualization, accessible and inclusive GUI, interactive 3D models;
  • Compression and delivery strategies for immersive media contents, such as omnidirectional video, light fields, point clouds, dynamic and time varying meshes;
  • Quality of Experience management of interactive immersive media applications;
  • Novel rendering techniques to enhance interactivity of XR applications;
  • Application of interactive XR to different areas of society, such as health (i.e., virtual reality exposure therapy), industry (Industry 4.0), XR e-learning (according to new global aims);

Dates:

  • Submission deadline: 20 June 2022, 23:59 AoE
  • Notifications of acceptance: 29 July 2022
  • Camera ready submission: 21 August 2022
  • Workshop: 10th or 14th October
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Workshop “Artificial Intelligence for Live Video Streaming (ALIS 2022)”

ALIS’22: Artificial Intelligence for Live Video Streaming


colocated with ACM Multimedia 2022


October 2022, Lisbon, Portugal

Download ALIS’22 Poster/ CfP

 

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ATHENA at ACM Mile-High Video Conference 2022 (MHV’22)

ACM Mile-High video 2022 (MHV)

March 01-03, 2022 | Denver, CO, USA

Conference Website

After running as an independent event for several years, 2022 was the first year where Mile-High Video Conference (MHV) was organized by the ACM Special Interest Group on Multimedia (SIGMM). ACM MHV is a unique forum for participants from both industry and academia to present, share, and discuss innovations and best practices from multimedia content production to consumption.

This year, MHV hosted around 270 on-site participants and more than 2000 online participants from academia and industry. Five ATHENA members travelled to Denver, USA, to present two full papers and four short papers in MHV 2022.

Ekrem MHV

Here is a list of full papers presented in MHV:

Super-resolution Based Bitrate Adaptation for HTTP Adaptive Streaming for Mobile Devices: The advancement of mobile hardware in recent years made it possible to apply deep neural network (DNN) based approaches on mobile devices. This paper introduces a lightweight super-resolution (SR) network deployed at mobile devices and a novel adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithm that leverages SR networks at the client to improve the video quality. More …

Take the Red Pill for H3 and See How Deep the Rabbit Hole Goes: With the introduction of HTTP/3 (H3) and QUIC at its core, there is an expectation of significant improvements in Web-based secure object delivery. An important question is what H3 will bring to the table for such services. To answer this question, we present the new features of H3 and QUIC, and compare them to those of H/1.1/2 and TCP. More …

Here is a list of short papers presented in MHV:

  • RICHTER: hybrid P2P-CDN architecture for low latency live video streaming: RICHTER leverages existing works that have combined the characteristics of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks and CDN-based systems and introduced a hybrid CDN-P2P live streaming architecture. [PDF]

  • CAdViSE or how to find the sweet spots of ABR systems: CAdViSE provides a Cloud-based Adaptive Video Streaming Evaluation framework for the automated testing of adaptive media players. [PDF]

  • Video streaming using light-weight transcoding and in-network intelligence: LwTE reduces HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) streaming costs by enabling lightweight transcoding at the edge. [PDF]

  • Efficient bitrate ladder construction for live video streaming: This paper introduces an online bitrate ladder construction scheme for live video streaming applications using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)-energy-based low-complexity spatial and temporal features. [PDF]